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Microfluidic-based transcriptomics reveal force-independent bacterial rheosensing.

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  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria sense fluid flow independently of force. This novel rheosensing mechanism tunes gene expression based on flow intensity, challenging existing models of mechanosensing.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Cells commonly sense environmental fluid flow via shear force.
  • The prevailing model suggests biological flow sensing relies on measuring mechanical force.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate force-independent flow sensing mechanisms in bacteria.
  • To characterize a novel flow-responsive gene expression system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized microfluidic-based transcriptomics to identify flow-responsive genes.
  • Developed a single-cell reporter for the flow-regulated operon (fro).
  • Manipulated shear rate and viscosity in controlled flow environments.

Main Results:

  • Discovered and named the flow-regulated operon (fro) in P. aeruginosa.
  • Demonstrated dynamic gene expression tuning to flow intensity (rheosensing).
  • Showed rheosensing is sensitive to shear rate but not viscosity, indicating force independence.

Conclusions:

  • P. aeruginosa employs a kinematic (force-independent) form of mechanosensing called rheosensing.
  • This finding challenges the established paradigm that biological mechanosensing requires force measurement.
  • Rheosensing offers a new perspective on how organisms perceive and respond to fluid environments.