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Does three-dimensional anatomy improve student understanding?

Charlotte P R Triepels1, Carlijn F A Smeets1, Kim J B Notten2

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Digital 3D anatomy visualizations offer a preferred and often more effective learning method for medical students compared to traditional approaches. While results vary, many studies show improved anatomical understanding and high user motivation with these advanced tools.

Keywords:
anatomyreviewstudentsthree dimensionaltraditional methods

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Anatomy Learning
  • Digital Visualization Technologies

Background:

  • Traditional anatomy education relies on cadavers and textbooks.
  • Digital three-dimensional (3D) visualization tools are emerging as alternatives.
  • Assessing the effectiveness and user acceptance of these new methods is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review digital 3D visualization methods for anatomy learning.
  • To compare their effectiveness against traditional methods for medical students.
  • To evaluate user attitudes towards 3D visualization tools.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of articles comparing 3D visualization methods (VR, AR, computer-based) with traditional methods (cadavers, textbooks).
  • Analysis of studies reporting on anatomical understanding and user preferences.
  • Inclusion of 21 articles from an initial search of 1,148.

Main Results:

  • Twelve of the 21 reviewed articles found 3D visualization significantly more effective than traditional methods.
  • Nine articles found no significant difference in effectiveness.
  • Medical students generally prefer 3D visualizations and show motivation towards using them.

Conclusions:

  • Digital 3D visualizations are frequently more effective for gaining anatomical knowledge than traditional methods.
  • Medical students exhibit a preference for and motivation to use 3D visualization tools in their anatomy studies.
  • Further research may clarify the consistent benefits of 3D anatomy learning tools.