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A microarray-based pathogen chip for simultaneous molecular detection of transfusion-transmitted infectious agents.

Valeria De Giorgi1, Huizhi Zhou2, Harvey J Alter2

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A new microarray platform can detect multiple transfusion-transmitted RNA viruses simultaneously. This advance enhances blood supply safety by identifying known and emerging infectious agents with high accuracy.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Virology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Transfusion-transmitted infections pose a significant risk to blood supply safety.
  • Current screening methods detect less than half of known infectious agents.
  • A comprehensive screening platform is needed to improve blood safety and response to emerging threats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a microarray-based platform for simultaneous molecular detection of transfusion-transmitted RNA viruses.
  • To create a versatile screening tool for enhanced blood safety.

Main Methods:

  • Selected sixteen high-risk transfusion-transmitted RNA viruses for detection.
  • Designed 1769 oligonucleotide probes for virus targeting on a microarray.
  • Evaluated platform performance using concentrated plasma samples, simulating coinfections.
  • Validated RNA virus detection and concentration using RT-qPCR.

Main Results:

  • The pathogen chip accurately identified Hepatitis A, B, C, Chikungunya, Dengue 1-4, HIV 1-2, HTLV I-II, West Nile, and Zika viruses (10^5 to 10^2 copies/mL).
  • Hepatitis E virus was detected from 10^5 to 10^4 copies/mL.
  • In mixed infections (3-8 viruses), all were correctly identified between 10^5 and 10^3 copies/mL.

Conclusions:

  • The microarray-based platform enables accurate and reproducible detection of individual and mixed RNA viruses in a single test.
  • Achieved limits of detection as low as 10^2 copies/mL for transfusion-transmitted RNA viruses.
  • This platform significantly enhances blood safety and offers a scalable solution for pathogen screening.