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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

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Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
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Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
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Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

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Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
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Kidney Structure01:45

Kidney Structure

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The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
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External Anatomy of the Kidney01:21

External Anatomy of the Kidney

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The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs in the human body that play a critical role in maintaining overall health. They filter out waste products from the blood, regulate blood pressure, maintain electrolyte balance, and stimulate the production of red blood cells.
The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space on either side of the vertebral column, protected posteriorly by the 11th and 12th ribs. The right kidney sits slightly lower than the left owing to the presence of the liver...
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Robot-Assisted Kidney Transplantation
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Changes in Bone Histomorphometry after Kidney Transplantation.

Satu Keronen1, Leena Martola1, Patrik Finne1

  • 1Abdominal Center, Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN
|May 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Kidney bone disease improves in dialysis patients after transplant, with decreased bone turnover. Bone mineral density and biomarkers do not reflect bone biopsy findings in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Keywords:
Absorptiometry, PhotonBiomarkersBiopsyBone DensityBone DiseasesBone RemodelingBone and BonesCalcification, PhysiologicCancellous BoneChronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone DisorderMineralsProspective StudiesRenal Insufficiency, ChronicTransplant Recipientsbone histomorphometrydialysiskidney bone diseasekidney transplantationmineral metabolismrenal dialysis

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Bone Metabolism
  • Transplantation

Background:

  • CKD-mineral and bone disorder management has evolved.
  • Bone disease patterns in CKD are changing.
  • Contemporary data on kidney bone disease natural history is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the natural history of kidney bone disease.
  • To assess changes in bone disease in kidney transplant recipients.
  • To compare bone disease in transplant recipients versus patients on dialysis.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 61 dialysis patients.
  • Baseline and 2-year bone biopsies performed.
  • Mineral metabolism, bone turnover, and DXA scans measured concurrently.

Main Results:

  • High bone turnover decreased significantly post-transplant (63% to 19%) and in patients on dialysis (69% to 31%).
  • Low bone turnover increased post-transplant (26% to 52%) and in patients on dialysis (8% to 38%).
  • Abnormal mineralization increased in transplant recipients (33% to 44%) but decreased in patients on dialysis (46% to 15%).

Conclusions:

  • Bone turnover decreases over time in both dialysis and transplant patients.
  • Bone mineral density and biomarkers do not correlate with bone biopsy findings.
  • Changes in bone disease management impact CKD patients.