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Horizontal ridge augmentation using xenogenous bone graft-systematic review
Pedro Henrique de Azambuja Carvalho1, Guilherme Dos Santos Trento2, Lucas Borin Moura2
1Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Dental School at Araraquara - UNESP - São Paulo State University, 1680th Humaitá Street, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14801-903, Brazil. carvalhopha@outlook.com.
Xenogenous bone grafts are a viable option for horizontal ridge augmentation in dental implant patients, achieving significant bone gain and successful implant placement. Complication rates are manageable, with membrane exposure being the most common issue.
Area of Science:
- Dental Implantology
- Periodontology
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- Alveolar ridge augmentation is crucial for successful dental implant placement.
- Autogenous bone grafts are traditionally considered the gold standard.
- Alternatives are sought to improve patient outcomes and reduce donor site morbidity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the outcomes of xenogenous bone grafts in horizontal ridge augmentation for implant patients.
- To evaluate bone gain, resorption, implant survival, and complication rates.
- To determine the feasibility of xenografts as an alternative to autogenous bone.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases.
- Inclusion of 29 studies after screening 2610 articles.
- Data extraction on graft type, site, bone gain, resorption, and complications.
Main Results:
- 610 patients received 853 bone grafts, primarily particulate xenografts.
- Mean horizontal bone gain was 4.44 mm.
- 1325 implants were successfully placed; complication rate was 7.85%, mainly membrane exposure.
Conclusions:
- Xenogenous bone grafts demonstrate feasibility for horizontal bone augmentation.
- They offer a viable alternative to autogenous bone grafts in specific clinical scenarios.
- Further research may refine techniques and indications for xenograft use.
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