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Related Concept Videos

Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

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The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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The lungs are a pair of vital organs connected to the trachea via the left and right bronchi. The base of these organs meets the dome-shaped muscle known as the diaphragm. Encased by the pleurae, the lungs contact the mediastinum. The right lung is shorter yet wider, and has a larger volume than the left lung. The left lung has an indentation known as the cardiac notch. The superior region of the lungs is referred to as the apex, whereas the base is the lower region near the diaphragm. The...
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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Orthotopic Left Lung Transplantation in Rats
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The lung microbiome and transplantation.

Alicia B Mitchell1,2,3,4

  • 1Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology Sydney.

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation
|May 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary

The lung transplant microbiome influences immune responses and transplant success. Understanding these microbial communities may lead to new strategies for improving lung allograft function and survival.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Transplantation Science

Background:

  • Lung transplant survival remains suboptimal compared to other solid organ transplants.
  • The lung microbiome, along with gut and blood microbiomes, significantly impacts immune response and transplant outcomes.
  • Pathogenic microbes can harm lung allografts, but a holistic view of microbial communities is crucial for understanding dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging role of the lung microbiome in lung transplantation.
  • To explore the implications of microbial communities for immune response and allograft outcomes.
  • To highlight the need for further research into microbiome-host interactions post-transplant.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on lung transplantation and the microbiome.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the impact of microbial communities on immune cells and allograft function.
  • Synthesis of findings on microbial profiles associated with negative transplant outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The microbiome modulates immune responses in both normal development and post-transplantation.
  • Gut and blood microbiomes influence lung function and infection resistance.
  • Evidence suggests the respiratory microbiome contributes to chronic lung allograft dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Further investigation into the respiratory microbiome and its interactions with other organ microbiomes is essential.
  • Understanding specific microbial profiles linked to adverse outcomes is a promising area of research.
  • Modifying the microbiome presents potential novel therapeutic strategies for improving lung transplant outcomes.