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Impact of Allergic Rhinitis on Nasal Mucociliary Clearance Time in Children

Marek Mikolajczyk1, Krystyna Janukowicz2, Ewa Majewska3

  • 1Department of Allergology, The Voivodship Rehabilitation Hospital for Children in Ameryka, Olsztynek, Poland, vandm@wp.pl.

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
|May 16, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Allergic rhinitis (AR) in children significantly slows mucociliary clearance (MCC). This impairment worsens with increased nasal inflammation, indicated by higher eosinophil levels.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

  • Mucociliary clearance (MCC) is a critical airway defense mechanism.
  • Previous research on allergic rhinitis (AR) impact on MCC time (MCT) yielded inconsistent findings due to small sample sizes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of allergic rhinitis (AR) on mucociliary clearance time (MCT) in a pediatric cohort.
  • To correlate AR severity and nasal inflammation markers with MCC function.

Main Methods:

  • A large cohort of 842 children with AR and 96 controls underwent MCT assessment.
  • Diagnostic tests included skin prick tests, blood and nasal eosinophil counts, and serum IgE and vitamin D3 levels.

Main Results:

  • Children with AR exhibited significantly prolonged nasal MCT compared to controls.
  • Higher nasal eosinophil percentages in AR patients correlated with longer MCT.
  • Severe AR cases showed significantly longer MCT and increased nasal eosinophilia than mild AR and controls.

Conclusions:

  • Allergic rhinitis (AR) negatively impacts pediatric mucociliary clearance.
  • Deterioration of MCC in AR is linked to rhinitis severity and local nasal inflammation, specifically eosinophilia.
Abstract

Keywords:
Allergic rhinitisChildrenEosinophiliaMucociliary clearanceVitamin D

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