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Suicidal Ideation in Bereavement: A Systematic Review.

Nicolette Molina1, Martin Viola2, Madeline Rogers3

  • 1The American Institute for Cognitive Therapy, New York, NY 10022, USA. nclttmln@gmail.com.

Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 17, 2019
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Summary

Bereavement increases suicide risk, especially when a loved one dies by suicide. This review found significant gaps in research on suicide ideation following accidental overdose or cardiovascular disease deaths.

Keywords:
AIDSHIVaccidental overdosebereavementcancercardiovascular diseasecaregiversdementiagriefsuicidal ideation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Bereavement is linked to poor mental health and increased suicide risk.
  • Understanding the impact of the cause of death on suicidal ideation in bereaved individuals is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review literature on the association between cause of death and suicidal thoughts in bereaved individuals.
  • To compare incidence of suicidal ideation across different causes of death and identify research gaps.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search using PRISMA-P guidelines across PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases.
  • Focused on English language studies published before February 2019 comparing suicide ideation rates based on the deceased's cause of death.

Main Results:

  • Limited studies found, with most focusing on suicide bereavement (10 articles). No studies were found for accidental overdose or cardiovascular disease deaths.
  • Suicide bereavement showed the highest rates of suicidal ideation (14.1%–49%).
  • Stigma, isolation, and distress were linked to suicidal thoughts regardless of the cause of death.

Conclusions:

  • Significant literature gaps exist, particularly for deaths from accidental overdose and cardiovascular disease.
  • Multiple causes of death are associated with suicidal ideation, with suicide bereavement posing the highest risk.
  • Further research is needed to explore how cause of death influences suicidal thoughts and related factors in bereavement.