Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:26

Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

524
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
Hallucinations
Hallucinations in...
524
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

591
Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes...
591
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

2.9K
Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
2.9K
Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

16.7K
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
16.7K
Levels of Organization01:09

Levels of Organization

139.3K
Biological organization is the classification of biological structures, ranging from atoms at the bottom of the hierarchy to the Earth's biosphere. Each level of the hierarchy represents an increase in complexity that builds upon the previous level.
Molecules Are Composed of Atoms, and Biomolecules Are Assembled from Molecules:
The most basic levels include atoms, molecules, and biomolecules. Atoms, the smallest unit of ordinary matter, are composed of a nucleus and electrons. Molecules...
139.3K
Organic Compounds03:02

Organic Compounds

56.9K
All living things are formed mostly of carbon compounds called organic compounds. The category of organic compounds includes both natural and synthetic compounds that contain carbon. Although a single, precise definition has yet to be identified by the chemistry community, most agree that a defining trait of organic molecules is the presence of carbon as the principal element, bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. However, some carbon-containing compounds such as carbonates, cyanides, and...
56.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Magnetic resonance imaging use in pediatric deep brain stimulation: a systematic review and call for standardization.

Neuroradiology·2026
Same author

Remote deep brain stimulation programming in childhood dystonia: opportunities, challenges, and future directions.

Expert review of neurotherapeutics·2026
Same author

Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens for severe self-injurious behaviour in children: long-term outcomes from a first-in-human pilot trial.

Molecular psychiatry·2026
Same author

A 100-Day Workout Quality Improvement Project to Improve Value for the Care of Mental Health Conditions in a Pediatric Emergency Department.

Pediatric emergency care·2026
Same author

Beyond Skull Density Ratio for Magnetic Resonance‑Guided Focused Ultrasound: A Literature Review of the Alternatives.

Neurosurgery·2026
Same author

Interictal thalamocortical network configuration is associated with susceptibility to seizure-related impaired consciousness in focal epilepsy.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

A rare homozygous mutation in <i>TYROBP</i> resulting in early-onset dementia with bone cysts.

Neurocase·2026
Same journal

Evaluating language lateralization after recurrent malignant glioma: a longitudinal functional MRI and voxel-based morphometry case study.

Neurocase·2026
Same journal

The anatomy of concealed awareness: lessons from partial locked-in syndrome.

Neurocase·2026
Same journal

A case report of crossed aphasia, grasping, and intermanual conflict with the left hand.

Neurocase·2026
Same journal

Bimanual asymmetric exercises reduce pathological mirror movements after stroke: a case report with disconnectome mapping.

Neurocase·2026
Same journal

An advancement of intraoperative language mapping in awake craniotomy.

Neurocase·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging fMRI with Auditory Stimulation in Songbirds
13:05

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging fMRI with Auditory Stimulation in Songbirds

Published on: June 3, 2013

18.7K

Functional imaging localization of complex organic hallucinations.

Byron Bernal1,2, Magno Guillen1, John Ragheb3

  • 1a Department of Radiology , Miami Children's Hospital , Miami, FL , USA.

Neurocase
|May 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study used functional MRI (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate the brain networks underlying complex hallucinations in a young patient. Findings reveal aberrant connectivity associated with a brain tumor, offering new insights into hallucination generation.

Keywords:
DTIFmriconnectivityfrontal lobehallucinationspsychosis

More Related Videos

Synthesis of a Water-soluble Metal&#8211;Organic Complex Array
06:40

Synthesis of a Water-soluble Metal–Organic Complex Array

Published on: October 8, 2016

12.0K
Surgical Removal of a Complex Sensory Organ in Highly Regenerative Ctenophores
05:04

Surgical Removal of a Complex Sensory Organ in Highly Regenerative Ctenophores

Published on: August 8, 2025

575

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging fMRI with Auditory Stimulation in Songbirds
13:05

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging fMRI with Auditory Stimulation in Songbirds

Published on: June 3, 2013

18.7K
Synthesis of a Water-soluble Metal&#8211;Organic Complex Array
06:40

Synthesis of a Water-soluble Metal–Organic Complex Array

Published on: October 8, 2016

12.0K
Surgical Removal of a Complex Sensory Organ in Highly Regenerative Ctenophores
05:04

Surgical Removal of a Complex Sensory Organ in Highly Regenerative Ctenophores

Published on: August 8, 2025

575

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Investigating the neural basis of complex hallucinations is challenging due to patient cooperation and symptom stability.
  • Functional MRI (fMRI) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) can offer anatomical insights in specific cases of organic hallucinations.

Observation:

  • A 14-year-old boy with a left fronto-dorsal tumor experienced chronic, complex visual and auditory hallucinations.
  • During presurgical fMRI, the patient reported experiencing these hallucinations, allowing for simultaneous data acquisition.
  • The tumor exhibited aberrant structural connectivity to occipital and temporal regions.

Findings:

  • fMRI revealed activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and peri-lesional areas during hallucinations.
  • DTI tractography showed abnormal connections to occipital and temporal lobes, and via the aslant fasciculus to the IFG.
  • Intraoperative EEG indicated epileptic discharges within the tumor and surrounding brain tissue.

Implications:

  • This is the first case report combining functional and structural connectivity imaging to map brain networks involved in complex auditory-visual hallucinations.
  • Surgical resection of the tumor led to complete cessation of hallucinations, with recurrence at a lower intensity after 90 days.
  • The study highlights the potential of advanced neuroimaging in understanding and potentially treating hallucination-generating brain networks.