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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Challenges in IBD Research: Novel Technologies.

Manish Dhyani1, Nitin Joshi2, Willem A Bemelman3

  • 1Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts.

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
|May 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel technologies aim to address unmet needs in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) research by improving non-invasive monitoring, targeted drug delivery, and surgical complication prevention for better patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Crohn’s diseaseanastomosisdrug deliveryfistulanon-invasive imagingradiologysepsissurgeryulcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Biomedical Engineering
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) Research

Background:

  • The Challenges in IBD research document highlights critical research gaps.
  • It emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach involving scientists, clinicians, patients, and funders.
  • Prioritizing patient-centric research is a key objective.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline novel technology applications for addressing unmet clinical needs in IBD.
  • Focus areas include disease monitoring, drug delivery, and surgical complication management.
  • To guide research prioritization in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Development of multiparametric imaging and biosensors for non-invasive inflammation detection.
  • Exploration of targeted drug delivery systems for mucosal application.
  • Research into biopolymers and sealant technologies for surgical healing and complication prevention.

Main Results:

  • Proposed technologies enable non-invasive monitoring of disease activity and treatment response.
  • Novel approaches aim for localized drug delivery to enhance efficacy and reduce systemic exposure.
  • Advancements in sealant and device technologies are needed to improve surgical outcomes in IBD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Novel technologies are crucial for advancing inflammatory bowel diseases research.
  • Prioritizing these technologies can lead to improved diagnostics, therapeutics, and surgical interventions.
  • This research agenda supports patient-centric approaches to IBD management.