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Does Peri-Implant Mucosa Have a Prognostic Value?

Mohanad Al-Sabbagh1, Pinelopi Xenoudi2, Fatimah Al-Shaikhli3

  • 1Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Health Practice, University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, D-438 Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536-0927, USA.

Dental Clinics of North America
|May 18, 2019
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Summary

Reconstructing keratinized tissue around dental implants is debated but may aid function and appearance. Current techniques and timing lack strong evidence, necessitating further research for clear guidelines.

Keywords:
Aesthetic outcomeImplant healthKeratinized mucosaMucosal biotypePeri-implant mucosaSoft-tissue augmentation

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Area of Science:

  • Periodontology
  • Dental Implantology
  • Oral Surgery

Background:

  • The necessity of keratinized tissue around dental implants is a subject of ongoing debate.
  • Augmenting keratinized mucosa can potentially improve restorative procedures, enhance aesthetics, and aid plaque control for oral hygiene.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on soft tissue augmentation techniques and timing protocols for dental implants.
  • To highlight the controversies and evidence gaps regarding keratinized tissue reconstruction around implants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of surgical techniques for soft tissue augmentation, including free gingival grafts, connective tissue grafts, allogenic/xenograft materials, and apically positioned flaps.
  • Analysis of four distinct timing protocols for soft tissue augmentation: pre-implant placement, during implant placement, second-stage surgery, and post-restoration.

Main Results:

  • Various techniques exist for augmenting soft tissue around implants, but their efficacy and optimal application are not definitively established.
  • Four different timing strategies for soft tissue augmentation have been investigated, yet consensus is lacking.
  • The literature provides limited robust evidence to support specific timing or techniques for soft tissue augmentation.

Conclusions:

  • The optimal timing and techniques for soft tissue augmentation around dental implants remain controversial.
  • There is a significant need for long-term clinical studies to develop evidence-based guidelines for soft tissue reconstruction in implant dentistry.