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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia
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Current and emerging pharmaceutical interventions for myopia.

Kritchai Vutipongsatorn1, Tae Yokoi2, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui3

  • 1Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|May 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pharmaceutical interventions for myopia are being explored, with atropine showing promise but having side effects. Research focuses on new drugs and combinations to optimize myopia treatment.

Keywords:
drugspharmacologyretinatreatment medical

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Myopia is a significant cause of visual impairment with increasing global prevalence, particularly in East Asia.
  • Currently, no drugs are FDA-approved for myopia treatment, despite its substantial disease and economic burden.
  • Understanding myopia pathophysiology is crucial for developing effective pharmaceutical interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review pharmaceutical interventions for myopia in clinical and preclinical stages over the last decade.
  • To discuss challenges hindering the progression of preclinical myopia drugs into clinical trials.
  • To identify potential strategies for optimizing myopia treatment, including drug combinations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of clinical and preclinical studies on myopia pharmaceutical interventions.
  • Categorization of preclinical drugs based on proposed mechanisms of action (antimuscarinic, dopaminergic, anti-inflammatory).
  • Analysis of factors affecting the translation of preclinical findings to human trials.

Main Results:

  • Atropine and oral 7-methylxanthine demonstrated efficacy in reducing myopia progression in human studies.
  • Several agents like ketorolac tromethamine, oral riboflavin, and BHVI2 are under clinical investigation.
  • Intravitreal or subconjunctival administration of some preclinical agents poses challenges for clinical translation.

Conclusions:

  • Atropine is the most successful current medication, though side effects necessitate low-dose trials.
  • Further research should explore combining novel preclinical agents with atropine to enhance myopia treatment efficacy.
  • Addressing challenges in drug delivery and understanding myopia pathophysiology are key for future therapeutic development.