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A systematic review of classification systems for pilonidal sinus.

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Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) lacks a standardized classification system, hindering treatment comparisons. This review found no validated classifications, highlighting the need for a practical system to guide clinical practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a chronic inflammatory condition caused by hair in the natal cleft.
  • Current treatment options for PSD are varied and lack comparative data.
  • A universally adopted classification system for PSD is absent, complicating treatment evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the literature on how pilonidal sinus disease presentations are classified.
  • To identify existing classification systems for PSD and assess their reporting.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of English-language literature published after 1980 was conducted.
  • Searched for studies reporting on the classification of pilonidal sinus disease.

Main Results:

  • Eight distinct classification systems for PSD were identified in the literature.
  • Most systems were based on anatomical pathology, primarily using sinus location and number.
  • No studies assessed the validity or reliability of these classification systems, nor correlated them with prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • The current literature provides insufficient evidence to recommend any specific classification system for PSD.
  • There is a clear need for a well-recognized and practical classification system to standardize reporting and guide clinical management of PSD.