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Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model
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Molecular Testing in Breast Cancer.

Jennifer K Litton1, Harold J Burstein2, Nicholas C Turner3

  • 11 The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.

American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting
|May 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Molecular testing is crucial for breast cancer management, identifying hereditary cancer syndromes and guiding treatment for advanced and early-stage disease. Genomic profiling and expression signatures are essential for personalized patient care.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Molecular testing for genetic and genomic variation is now a cornerstone of breast cancer management.
  • Hereditary cancer testing is indicated for patients with a family history, bilateral disease, or early-onset breast cancer.
  • The advent of PARP inhibitors necessitates hereditary cancer testing for advanced breast cancer patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the integral role of molecular testing in contemporary breast cancer management.
  • To highlight the importance of tumor genomic profiling and transcriptome-based expression signatures.
  • To emphasize the expanding application of molecular diagnostics across various breast cancer subtypes and stages.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical practices and emerging technologies in molecular diagnostics for breast cancer.
  • Analysis of the utility of genetic testing for hereditary cancer syndromes.
  • Evaluation of tumor genomic profiling and transcriptome-based expression signatures in treatment decisions.

Main Results:

  • Molecular testing identifies hereditary cancer syndromes and guides targeted therapies like PARP inhibitors.
  • Tumor genomic profiling reveals actionable mutations (e.g., PIK3CA, HER2) in advanced breast cancer.
  • Expression signatures offer prognostic and predictive value for early-stage estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular testing is indispensable for the majority of breast cancer patients, from diagnosis to treatment.
  • Advancements in sequencing, including cell-free DNA, promise broader implementation of genomic testing.
  • Personalized medicine in breast cancer is increasingly driven by comprehensive molecular profiling.