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A test of neutral molecular evolution based on nucleotide data.

R R Hudson, M Kreitman, M Aguadé

    Genetics
    |May 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The neutral theory of molecular evolution predicts high evolutionary rates correlate with high genetic diversity. A new statistical test found this prediction fails for specific Drosophila DNA regions, suggesting balanced polymorphism.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular evolution
    • Population genetics
    • Genomics

    Background:

    • The neutral theory of molecular evolution posits a correlation between evolutionary rates and intraspecific polymorphism.
    • Interspecific DNA sequence comparisons reveal evolutionary rates, while polymorphism data reflects genetic diversity within species.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To statistically test the neutral theory's prediction using a constant-rate neutral model.
    • To investigate genomic regions with high evolutionary rates and assess their levels of intraspecific polymorphism.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a conservative statistical test for the neutral theory's prediction.
    • Required comparative genomic data from at least two regions and intraspecific polymorphism data from one species.
    • Applied the test to specific genomic regions in Drosophila.

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    Main Results:

    • The neutral model was rejected for the Adh locus and its 5' flanking sequence in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila sechellia.
    • Data showed a departure from the neutral model's prediction in these regions.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings are inconsistent with the neutral theory's prediction for the studied Drosophila genomic regions.
    • The observed pattern suggests the presence of balanced polymorphism within the coding region of the Adh locus.