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Iron Deficiency and Iron Homeostasis in Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review

Jorge Moreno-Fernandez1,2, Julio J Ochoa3,4, Gladys O Latunde-Dada5

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain. jorgemf@ugr.es.

Nutrients
|May 19, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Iron is vital for infant growth, but premature infants face risks from both deficiency and excess iron. This review analyzes iron

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal nutrition and development
  • Pediatric micronutrient metabolism

Background:

  • Iron is essential for human growth, particularly the central nervous system.
  • Premature and low birth weight infants have elevated iron needs and are prone to deficiency or anemia.
  • Excess iron can negatively impact organ development in premature infants due to immature antioxidant systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze the impact of iron status on the growth and development of premature infants.
  • To synthesize current scientific literature on iron's role in preterm infant outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review using PRISMA guidelines.
  • Transversal descriptive study design.
  • PICO model for study inclusion criteria.
  • Evaluation of studies published between 2008-2018.

Main Results:

  • Identified studies examining the effects of iron status on preterm infant growth parameters.
  • Analyzed the balance between iron sufficiency and excess in neonatal development.
  • Synthesized findings on iron's impact on growth and development in premature infants.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal iron status is crucial for healthy growth and development in premature infants.
  • Balancing iron intake is critical to prevent deficiency and toxicity in this vulnerable population.
  • Further research is needed to refine iron management strategies for preterm neonates.

Keywords:
developmentgrowthinfantironpremature

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