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Parvovirus B19 Infection as a Rare Cause of Fulminant Liver Failure: A Case Report

A Islek1, H Keskin2, M Agın3

  • 1Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey.

Transplantation Proceedings
|May 19, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Parvovirus B19 infection can cause severe liver failure in children. Standard immunosuppressive therapy, including corticosteroids and tacrolimus, appears safe and effective in managing these cases, even post-transplant.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Parvovirus B19 is a common childhood virus with varied clinical presentations.
  • Liver failure diagnosis is often indeterminate, limiting understanding of parvovirus B19's role.
  • Chronic conditions like hemolytic disorders and immunosuppression influence disease severity.

Observation:

  • The study examined three children with parvovirus B19-induced fulminant liver failure.
  • Two of the children required liver transplantation.
  • Standard immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids, tacrolimus) was administered.

Findings:

  • No acute rejection, parvovirus B19 persistence, or complications were observed in the treated patients.
  • The immunosuppressive regimen was well-tolerated.
  • This suggests a potential therapeutic window for parvovirus B19-related liver disease.

Implications:

  • Physicians should consider parvovirus B19 in cases of acute liver disease in children.
  • Early recognition and management may prevent severe outcomes.
  • Further research into parvovirus B19's impact on liver health is warranted.

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