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Intracranial Injection of Adeno-associated Viral Vectors
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Human adenovirus meningoencephalitis: a 3-years' overview

Luine Rosele Vidal1, Sérgio Monteiro de Almeida2, Bárbara Maria Cavalli1

  • 1Virology Laboratory, Clinical Pathology Laboratory - Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua Padre Camargo, n. 280, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Bairro Alto da Glória, Curitiba, Parana, 80060240, Brazil.

Journal of Neurovirology
|May 19, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Human adenovirus (HAdV) can cause central nervous system (CNS) infections like encephalitis, especially in immunocompromised individuals. This study found HAdV in 1.08% of suspected neurological infections, with good outcomes reported for all patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Human adenovirus (HAdV) is a known cause of neurological diseases, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
  • Its role in meningoencephalitis has been unclear, necessitating further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and frequency of HAdV and other viral co-infections in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with suspected meningoencephalitis or encephalitis.
  • To characterize HAdV CNS infections, including patient demographics, clinical presentation, and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 373 CSF samples from patients with suspected viral neurological infections.
  • Detection of HAdV using conventional and multiplex real-time PCR.
  • Investigation of co-infections with other common neurotropic viruses.

Main Results:

  • HAdV was detected in 1.08% of CSF samples, primarily causing encephalitis in female patients with predisposing conditions.
  • HAdV CNS infections occurred during autumn and winter, with increased detection rates after adopting multiplex real-time PCR.
  • Two cases involved co-infection with HIV; no other viral co-infections were found. Neurological imaging and EEG showed no specific characteristics.
  • Two patients with HAdV encephalitis had normal CSF white blood cell counts.

Conclusions:

  • HAdV is a rare but significant cause of CNS infections, particularly encephalitis, in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Multiplex real-time PCR enhances HAdV detection in CSF.
  • Despite rarity, HAdV should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neurological infections, especially in at-risk populations.
Keywords:
AdenovirusCSFNervous systemViral meningoencephalitis

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