Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools
Published on: June 20, 2020
[Relationship between temperament, parenting style and resilience of children aged 3-5 years]
Yubai Niu1, Lingyan Zhang1, Zesheng Hao1
1School of Psychology, Zhejiang Science and Technology University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Objective:
To investigate the developmental characteristics of resilience in children aged 3-5, and to explore the relationship between temperament, parenting style and resilience.
Methods:
A total of 570 preschoolers aged 3-5 years in Hangzhou participated in this study. The children's teachers completed the assessment of the resilience scale of DECA-P2 (Devereux Early Childhood Assessment for Preschoolers Second Edition); the children's parents completed assessment of temperament questionnaire CBQ (Children's Behavior Questionnaire) and parenting style questionnaire PSDQ (Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire).
Results:
Totally 432 valid questionnaires were retrieved with a recovery rate of 75.79%. The levels of initiative and self-regulation of 5-y children were higher than those of children aged 3 or 4 (all P<0.01); the level of attachment/relationship of 5-y children was higher than that of children aged 4 (P<0.01); the levels of initiative and self-regulation of girls were higher than those of boys (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The negative affect dimension of temperament was negatively correlated with resilience (all P<0.05), while the effortful control and authoritative parenting styles were positively correlated with resilience (all P<0.05). The negative affect and effortful control were able to partially predict resilience of children through authoritative parenting style (mediating effect were-0.0143 and 0.0363).
Conclusions:
Preschoolers aged 3-5 years with different age and gender show differences in resilience, and parenting styles may play a mediating effect between temperament and resilience.
More Related Videos
07:56Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
Published on: September 19, 2019
08:05Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
Published on: June 30, 2020
Related Concept Videos
Parenting Styles
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
Relationship with Parents: Attachment
Attachment Styles
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists
Parental Care
Hazan and Shaver's Attachment Styles