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Modified stall-side crossmatch for transfusions in horses.

Pauline Casenave1, Mathilde Leclere1, Guy Beauchamp2

  • 1Clinical Sciences Department, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.

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A modified rapid gel assay offers a viable stall-side crossmatch option for horses when specialized equipment is unavailable. This equine blood typing method shows good agreement with standard assays, aiding pretransfusion compatibility testing.

Keywords:
agglutinationblood transfusioncompatibilityequine

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Transfusion Medicine

Background:

  • Out-of-clinic equine crossmatches face limitations due to access to specialized materials and expertise.
  • Pretransfusion compatibility testing is crucial for safe equine blood transfusions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt and evaluate a stall-side rapid gel assay for pretransfusion compatibility testing in horses.
  • To compare the adapted rapid gel assay with a standard microgel column assay and predicted compatibilities.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involved 12 healthy mares as blood and plasma donors.
  • A rapid gel assay protocol, adapted from canine use, was compared against microgel column and reference laboratory microplate assays for 132 crossmatches.
  • Adaptations were made to the rapid gel assay to improve equine erythrocyte migration.

Main Results:

  • The adapted rapid gel assay demonstrated good agreement with both the microgel assay (κ > .6) and predicted compatibilities (κ > .6).
  • Higher agreement was observed between the microgel assay and predicted compatibilities (κ = .8).
  • The rapid gel assay missed 6 predicted Aa incompatibilities, 3 of which were also missed by the microgel assay.

Conclusions:

  • The modified rapid gel assay is a potentially useful tool for equine crossmatching in settings lacking access to microgel assays.
  • Discrepancies, primarily low-grade agglutination, require further investigation for clinical significance in equine transfusions.