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Improving behavioral health workforce supply and needs estimates using active surveillance data.

Shinobu Watanabe-Galloway1, Li-Wu Chen2, Kate Trout3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Public Health, Omaha, Nebraska swatanabe@unmc.edu.

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Summary

Active surveillance systems, using licensure data and active data collection, provide more accurate estimates of behavioral health professionals than licensure data alone. This improves identification of mental health professional shortage areas.

Keywords:
Health Professionals Tracking ServiceNebraskahealth workforcesurveillancebehavioral health

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Health Workforce Studies

Background:

  • Rural areas face inadequate supply of behavioral health professionals.
  • Licensure data is a common but limited method for measuring psychiatric professional shortages.
  • Active surveillance systems offer a more comprehensive approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare workforce supply estimates from passive (licensure) and active (Nebraska Health Professions Tracking Service - HPTS) surveillance systems.
  • To assess the impact of these differences on the designation of psychiatric professional shortage areas.
  • To highlight limitations of licensure data for workforce planning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Nebraska Health Professions Tracking Service (HPTS) data.
  • Compared workforce estimates derived from licensure data versus active surveillance.
  • Analyzed data on psychiatrists, advanced practice registered nurses, and physician assistants specializing in psychiatry.

Main Results:

  • Estimates of actively practicing behavioral health professionals were overestimated by 24.1-57.1% using licensure data compared to HPTS.
  • Ignoring work status, the workforce was overestimated by 10.0-17.4%.
  • 87% of counties lacked a psychiatrist, and 9.6% met or exceeded the Health Professional Shortage Area ratio.

Conclusions:

  • Ongoing surveillance alongside licensure data is crucial for accurate workforce assessment.
  • Improved identification of shortage areas supports better behavioral workforce planning.
  • Active surveillance enhances the reliability of data for policy and strategy development.