Biologically active scaffolds: Synthesis, characterization and studies of oxino bis-pyrazoles by environmental...

In the present communication, synthesis of bis-pyrazolones containing aryl motifs (4-14) and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, hemolytic and antihemolytic activities were reported. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by analytical techniques such 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IR, mass spectrometry and compound No 4 additionally by X-ray crystallography. Compounds 4, 12, 14 were obtained in more than 85% yield. In comparison to typical acarbose (IC50 = 37.38±0.12μM), all synthesized compounds showed potent activity with IC50 values between 31.26±0.11 to 396.25±0.18μM. The most potent compounds 6, 8 and 11 showed IC50 values within the range of 31.26±0.11 to 37.48±0.12μM. Compounds 7, 10, 12 and 13 showed IC₅₀ values within the range of 65.23±0.12 to 154.87±0.16μM, while compounds 4, 5 and 9 showed moderate inhibition with IC₅₀ values 286.56±0.16 to 396.25±0.18μM. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, suggests that electron withdrawing groups played a crucial role in enhancing α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of title compounds. In addition, results of the hemolytic and antihemolytic activity studies indicated that compound 13 possessed moderate levels of hemolytic and highest anti- hemolytic activity while 8 showed low anti- hemolytic and high hemolytic activity.