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Maternal suicide in Italy.

Ilaria Lega1, Alice Maraschini2, Paola D'Aloja2

  • 1National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità - Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy. ilaria.lega@iss.it.

Archives of Women'S Mental Health
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Summary

Maternal suicide is a significant concern, with 67 cases identified in Italy from 2006-2012. Most women had a prior psychiatric history, highlighting the need for integrated mental health and maternity care to prevent maternal deaths.

Keywords:
AbortionMaternal mortalityPostpartumPregnancySuicide

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Suicide is a leading cause of death for women within one year postpartum in high-income nations.
  • Understanding maternal suicide rates and characteristics is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the maternal suicide ratio in Italy.
  • To describe the characteristics of women experiencing maternal suicide.
  • To identify risk factors and inform prevention efforts.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized linked regional death registries and hospital discharge databases for case identification.
  • Collected background population data from national databases (hospital discharge, abortion, mortality).
  • Retrieved psychiatric history from regional data sources for women who died by maternal suicide.

Main Results:

  • Identified 67 maternal suicides, yielding a ratio of 2.30 per 100,000 live births (2006-2012).
  • Suicide rates varied: 1.18/100,000 post-birth, 2.77/100,000 post-abortion, 2.90/100,000 post-miscarriage.
  • A majority (34/57) had a previous psychiatric history; many were not documented during pregnancy.

Conclusions:

  • Suicide is a significant contributor to maternal mortality in Italy.
  • Continuity of care across primary, mental health, and maternity services is critical.
  • Clinicians must be vigilant to prevent maternal suicides.