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Related Concept Videos

Chemical Formulas02:52

Chemical Formulas

61.1K
A chemical formula presents information about the proportions of atoms constituting a particular chemical compound or molecule, mainly using symbols of elements and numbers. At times other symbols, such as dashes, parentheses, brackets, commas, plus, and minus signs, are also used. A chemical formula can be one of three types – molecular, empirical, and structural.
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Chemical Equations03:10

Chemical Equations

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Chemical equations represent the identities and relative quantities of substances involved in a chemical reaction. The substances undergoing reaction are called reactants, and their formulas are placed on the left side of the equation. The substances generated by the reaction are called products, and their formulas are placed on the right side of the equation. Plus signs (+) separate individual reactant and product formulas, and an arrow (→) separates the reactant and product (left and right)...
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Chemical Reactions01:19

Chemical Reactions

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A chemical reaction is a process by which the bonds in the atoms of substances are rearranged to generate new substances. Matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction—the same type and number of atoms that make up the reactants are still present in the products. Merely, the rearrangement of chemical bonds produces new compounds.
Chemical Reactions Rearrange Atoms into New Substances
A chemical reaction takes starting materials—the reactants—and changes them...
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Experimental Determination of Chemical Formula02:37

Experimental Determination of Chemical Formula

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The elemental makeup of a compound defines its chemical identity, and chemical formulas are the most concise way of representing this elemental makeup. When a compound’s formula is unknown, measuring the mass of its constituent elements is often the first step in determining the formula experimentally.
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Types of Chemical Bonds02:37

Types of Chemical Bonds

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Chemical bonding theories were pioneered by American chemist Gilbert N. Lewis. He developed a model called the Lewis model to explain the type and formation of different bonds. Chemical bonding is central to chemistry; it explains how atoms or ions bond together to form molecules. It explains why some bonds are strong and others are weak, or why one carbon bonds with two oxygens and not three; why water is H2O and not H4O. 
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Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions03:03

Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

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Chemical substances interact in many different ways. Certain chemical reactions exhibit common patterns of reactivity. Due to the vast number of chemical reactions, it becomes necessary to classify them based on the observed patterns of interaction.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Ultrathin Porated Elastic Hydrogels As a Biomimetic Basement Membrane for Dual Cell Culture
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Erratum: Catechol-Based Hydrogel for Chemical Information Processing. Biomimetics 2017, 2, 11.

Eunkyoung Kim1,2, Zhengchun Liu3, Yi Liu4,5

  • 1Institute for Biosystems and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 5115 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA. ekim@umd.edu.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study corrects errors in a previous publication. The revised findings offer a more accurate understanding of the scientific subject matter.

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Area of Science:

  • Scientific Publication
  • Research Integrity

Background:

  • Errors were identified in a previously published study by Kim et al. [1].
  • Accurate scientific reporting is crucial for reliable research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formally correct and retract erroneous data presented in the original publication.
  • To provide accurate information for the scientific community.

Main Methods:

  • A thorough review of the original publication and supporting data was conducted.
  • Statistical and experimental data were re-evaluated to identify discrepancies.

Main Results:

  • Specific errors in data presentation and interpretation were identified.
  • Corrected data and analyses are presented to supersede the original findings.

Conclusions:

  • The corrected findings ensure the integrity of the scientific record.
  • This erratum provides a reliable basis for future research in this field.