Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

1.5K
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
1.5K
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

3.0K
The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
3.0K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.4K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.4K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.6K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.6K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.5K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...
1.5K
Quantum Numbers02:43

Quantum Numbers

49.5K
It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
49.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ligand-Induced Modulation of Photoluminescence in Atomically Precise Silver Nanoclusters.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

ΔTnoise as a robust diagnostic for chiral, helical and trivial edge modes.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2026
Same author

AI in multi-omics analysis in stem cell research.

Progress in molecular biology and translational science·2026
Same author

Negative spinΔTnoise induced by spin-flip scattering and Andreev reflection.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2026
Same author

Injectable, Dual-Cross-Linked, Dynamic Hydrogel for Tissue Separation and Thermal Shielding during Percutaneous Cryoablation.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR·2026
Same author

Engineering polar nanoclusters for enhanced microwave tunability in ferroelectric thin films.

Nature communications·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials
06:05

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials

Published on: January 15, 2014

8.3K

Spin-flip scattering engendered quantum spin torque in a Josephson junction.

Subhajit Pal1, Colin Benjamin1

  • 1School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India.

Proceedings. Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|May 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

We discovered a new quantum spin torque in Josephson junctions, even when magnetic layers align. This spin-flip scattering effect offers novel ways to control spintronic devices.

Keywords:
Josephson junctionspintronicstorque

More Related Videos

Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy
08:03

Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy

Published on: April 13, 2022

2.5K
Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

10.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials
06:05

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials

Published on: January 15, 2014

8.3K
Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy
08:03

Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy

Published on: April 13, 2022

2.5K
Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

10.3K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Spintronics
  • Quantum Mechanics

Background:

  • Ferromagnetic Josephson junctions typically exhibit equilibrium spin torque only when ferromagnetic layers are misaligned.
  • This conventional spin transfer torque arises from the misalignment of magnetic moments.
  • The role of magnetic impurities and quantum effects in these systems remains an area of active research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence and properties of equilibrium spin torque in a Josephson junction with two ferromagnets and a magnetic impurity.
  • To explore the mechanism behind spin torque generation when magnetic moments are aligned parallel or anti-parallel.
  • To examine the tunability of this novel spin torque by adjusting exchange coupling and superconducting phase difference.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical examination of a Josephson junction model incorporating two ferromagnets and a central magnetic impurity.
  • Analysis of spin torque generation mechanisms, including conventional spin transfer torque and quantum spin-flip scattering.
  • Exploration of parameter space to understand the influence of exchange coupling and phase difference on spin torque.

Main Results:

  • A finite equilibrium spin torque is observed even when the magnetic moments of the ferromagnets are aligned parallel or anti-parallel.
  • This torque originates from a quantum mechanism involving spin-flip scattering by the magnetic impurity.
  • The spin-flip scattering-induced equilibrium quantum spin torque is tunable via exchange coupling and the phase difference across the superconductors.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a novel quantum mechanism for generating equilibrium spin torque in ferromagnetic Josephson junctions.
  • This spin-flip scattering-induced torque offers a new pathway for manipulating spin currents in spintronic devices.
  • The tunability of this quantum spin torque presents opportunities for designing advanced superconducting spintronic applications.