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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns
Published on: May 12, 2019
Investigation of Visual Stimulus With Various Colors and the Layout for the Oddball Paradigm in Evoked Related
Miaoji Guo1, Jing Jin1, Yong Jiao1
1Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
Abstract:
Objective: Stimulus visual patterns, such as size, content, color, luminosity, and interval, play key roles for brain-computer interface (BCI) performance. However, the three primary colors to be intercompared as a single variable or factor on the same platform are poorly studied. In this work, we configured the visual stimulus patterns with red, green, and blue operating on a newly designed layout of the flash pattern of BCI to study the waveforms and performance of the evoked related potential (ERP). Approach: Twelve subjects participated in our experiment, and each subject was required to finish three different color sub-experiments. Four blocks of the interface were presented along the edge of the screen, and the other four were assembled in the center, aiming to investigate the problem of adjacency distraction. Repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni correction were applied for statistical analysis. Main results: The averaged online accuracy was 98.44% for the red paradigm, higher than 92.71% for the green paradigm, and 93.23% for the blue paradigm. Furthermore, significant differences in online accuracy (p < 0.05) and information transfer rate (p < 0.05) were found between the red and green paradigms. Significance: The red stimulus paradigm yielded the best performance. The proposed design of ERP-based BCI was practical and effective for many potential applications.
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