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A population health perspective on artificial intelligence.

Maxime Lavigne1,2, Fatima Mussa3, Maria I Creatore3,4

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Artificial intelligence (AI) offers significant potential for public health. Understanding core AI concepts and applications is crucial for decision-makers to leverage these tools for improved population health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Informatics
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly advancing and has the potential to significantly impact public health.
  • Effective utilization of AI in healthcare requires decision-makers to understand its fundamental concepts and applications.
  • The accessibility and usability of AI tools are increasing, making them more viable for health-related applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe key approaches and sub-fields within AI relevant to population health.
  • To illustrate how AI can inform decision-making processes in public health.
  • To provide examples of AI tools and frameworks applicable to population health.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction to core Artificial Intelligence concepts.
  • Description of various AI sub-fields.
  • Examination of four AI sub-fields with a focus on population health applications.
  • Illustration of AI applications with examples of available tools and frameworks.

Main Results:

  • AI encompasses a broad range of techniques and applications.
  • Specific AI sub-fields show high relevance for population health initiatives.
  • Accessible AI tools can support clinicians, managers, policymakers, and public health practitioners.
  • AI can enhance the precision and effectiveness of health-related decisions.

Conclusions:

  • A foundational understanding of AI is essential for harnessing its public health potential.
  • AI applications can lead to more informed and effective decision-making in population health.
  • The increasing availability of AI tools facilitates their adoption across various health sectors.