Parathyroid adenoma causing persistent hypercalcaemia after rhabdomyolysis-induced acute renal failure

Persistent hypercalcaemia developed in a 26-year-old man after rhabdomyolysis-induced acute renal failure. Although several serum parathyroid values were normal following recovery of renal function, primary hyperparathyroidism was suspected after 9 months of prolonged hypercalcaemia. A single parathyroid adenoma was removed and serum calcium as well as serum parathyroid hormone returned to normal values. The persistence of increased serum calcium concentrations after rhabdomyolysis-induced acute renal failure should lead one to consider other causes of hypercalcaemia, and particularly primary hyperparathyroidism.