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Related Concept Videos

Dehydration Synthesis01:15

Dehydration Synthesis

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Overview
Dehydration synthesis (also called a condensation reaction) is the chemical process in which two molecules covalently link together to form a new molecule, along with the release of a water molecule. Many physiologically important compounds form by dehydration synthesis reactions, such as complex carbohydrates, proteins, DNA, and RNA.
Synthesis of carbohydrates
Sugar molecules are covalently linked together by dehydration synthesis. During the reaction, the hydroxyl (-OH) group from...
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Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkenes02:35

Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkenes

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In a dehydration reaction, a hydroxyl group in an alcohol is eliminated along with the hydrogen from an adjacent carbon. Here, the products are an alkene and a molecule of water. Dehydration of alcohols is generally achieved by heating in the presence of an acid catalyst. While the dehydration of primary alcohols requires high temperatures and acid concentrations, secondary and tertiary alcohols can lose a water molecule under relatively mild conditions.
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Dehydration of Aldols to Enals: Base-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation01:14

Dehydration of Aldols to Enals: Base-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation

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This lesson delves into the aldol condensation catalyzed by bases, where aldols undergo dehydration to enals. As shown in Figure 1, the β-hydroxy aldehyde formed in a base-catalyzed aldol addition reaction dehydrates on heating to yield an unsaturated carbonyl product, which is commonly referred to as an enal.
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Quality of Water01:19

Quality of Water

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In concrete preparation, the quality of water is paramount as it affects the strength and durability of the concrete. Potable water is usually preferred; however, it must not have excessive sodium or potassium to prevent compromising the concrete's integrity. Water quality is typically evaluated based on impurities such as dissolved solids, chlorides, and sulfates, and its pH value is ideally between 6 and 8. Even slightly acidic natural water may be acceptable unless it contains harmful...
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Quality Control01:05

Quality Control

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Quality control is one of the three cyclical quality assurance activities that help keep a system under statistical control. Typical quality control activities include creating quality control charts, conducting proficiency testing, and documenting and archiving results.
Quality control helps track data, visualize trends, and identify variations, making it easier to detect deviations that may affect the accuracy of an analysis. One way to do this is by generating a quality control chart, which...
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Quality Assurance01:19

Quality Assurance

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Quality assurance is the overarching term used to describe the activities employed to ensure the proper performance of a system. These activities can be classified into three categories: quality control, quality assessment, and internal corrective measures. Typically, these activities work cyclically: quality control is performed before and during the analysis, while quality assessment occurs during and after the investigation. Internal corrective measures are implemented based on the findings...
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A Hydrophobic Tissue Clearing Method for Rat Brain Tissue
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Monitoring Dehydration and Clearing in Tissue Processing for High-Quality Clinical Pathology.

Melissa L Lerch1, Daniel R Bauer2, Abbey Theiss2

  • 11Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington.

Biopreservation and Biobanking
|May 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ultrasound time-of-flight (TOF) technology monitors tissue processing. This method ensures high-quality tissue specimens by detecting dehydration errors, improving diagnostic accuracy.

Keywords:
clearingdehydrationimmunohistochemistrypreanalyticsquality assurancetissue processing

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Optical Clearing and Imaging of Immunolabeled Kidney Tissue
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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Histopathology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Precision medicine relies on high-quality tissue specimens for accurate disease diagnosis and targeted therapies.
  • Current tissue handling and processing methods require optimization to match advancements in bioassay development.
  • Ultrasound time-of-flight (TOF) has shown promise in monitoring tissue fixation with formalin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate ultrasound time-of-flight (TOF) technology for monitoring tissue dehydration and clearing.
  • To analyze TOF signals across various tissue types and processing solvents.
  • To establish TOF as a preanalytical quality metric for tissue processing.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed TOF signals from 270 surgical tissue specimens across 13 types.
  • Determined the time constant τ90 for tissues in 70% ethanol, 90% ethanol, 100% ethanol, and xylene.
  • Correlated TOF signals with tissue morphology and histopathology to validate quality.

Main Results:

  • Ultrasound TOF signals successfully monitored tissue dehydration and clearing across diverse tissue types.
  • Tissues were categorized based on fast and slow reagent diffusion rates.
  • The technique detected significant processing errors, such as incomplete dehydration, by correlating τ90 with poor histomorphology.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrasound TOF technology is effective for monitoring all stages of the tissue processing cycle.
  • This technology provides a crucial preanalytical quality metric for tissue specimens.
  • Implementing TOF monitoring can enhance the reliability of diagnostics and precision medicine.