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The range is one of the measures of variation. It can be defined as the difference between a dataset's highest and lowest values. For example, in the study of seven 16-ounce soda cans, the filled volume of soda was measured, thus producing the following amount (in ounces) of soda:
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The Current Host Range of Hepatitis E Viruses.

Scott P Kenney1

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen with a broad animal host range. Identifying diverse HEV strains and their animal reservoirs is crucial for preventing cross-species transmission and protecting human health.

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Area of Science:

  • * Virology
  • * Zoonotic Diseases
  • * Public Health

Background:

  • * Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen.
  • * Transmission occurs through fecal-oral routes (human-to-human) and animal-to-human contact (feces, contaminated meat).
  • * HEV was initially considered human-specific but is now known to infect various animal species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To understand the broad host range of HEV.
  • * To identify potential threats to human health and environmental reservoirs of HEV.
  • * To investigate the cross-species transmission of novel HEV strains.

Main Methods:

  • * Literature review on HEV host range and transmission.
  • * Analysis of HEV genotypes (3 and 4) in swine and other animal hosts.
  • * Identification of novel HEV strains in diverse animal species.

Main Results:

  • * HEV has a broad host range, extending beyond humans to various animal species.
  • * Swine are identified as primary hosts for HEV genotypes 3 and 4 in industrialized nations.
  • * New HEV strains are continually being discovered in different animal populations.
  • * Many HEV strains demonstrate the ability to transmit between different animal species.

Conclusions:

  • * HEV possesses a wide host tropism, with significant implications for public health.
  • * Cross-species transmission of HEV poses unique and often unrecognized risks to humans.
  • * Continued surveillance and research are essential for managing HEV as a global health threat.