Association between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and autoimmune disorders: Data mining of the spontaneous...

The main objective of this study is to conduct a disproportionality analysis of adverse events in the Japan Adverse Event Report (JADER) database and evaluate the risk of the DPP-4 inhibitor induced autoimmune disorder, the secondary objective is risk assessment of sex difference and age difference. The proportional reporting ratio (PRR) of frequency-based statistics and Bayesian estimates of the information components (IC) were calculated as a measure of signal detection. Sex difference and age difference were evaluated using signal score calculated from the PRR and the Chi-square. In patients taking DPP-4 inhibitors, 94 reports of autoimmune disorders were detected with both signals; PRR: 4.09, chi-square: 158.26 and IC: 1.66, 95 % confidence interval: 1.32-2.00). For other antidiabetic drugs, no signals were detected. The signal of males was PRR: 4.53, chi-square: 110.91 and signal score: 6.22, the signal of female was PRR: 3.53, chi-square: 47.65 and signal score: 5.12. About age difference, the signal scores were 6.71 for patients over 60 years and 0.56 for patients under 60 years old. This study suggests that the DPP-4 inhibitors, unlike other antidiabetic drugs, were associated with autoimmune disorders. Signals of the DPP-4 inhibitors induced autoimmune disorders were detected in both male and female, but no sex difference was observed, but age difference was observed. Especially attention should be paid to patients over 60 years old.