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Published on: May 25, 2020
Prevalence of suspected glaucoma in Haiti: a pilot study
Nicolas Cadet1, Taylor Nayman2, Paul Harasymowycz1
1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Que., Canada.
Objective:
Gather epidemiological data pertaining to the prevalence of suspected glaucoma in rural and urban areas of Haiti.
Design:
Cross-sectional pilot study.
Participants:
Haitians of African ancestry.
Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional study on 211 Haitians of African ancestry (76 males and 135 females) aged 40 years and over. The mean age was 54.6 ± 10.9 years. The data were collected in glaucoma screening clinics at health fairs held in urban Port-au-Prince (57 people) and three rural regions (154 people) during a two-week medical mission to Haiti in November 2014. An ophthalmic exam with intraocular pressure measurement (with Tonopen) and dilated fundus exam were conducted.
Results:
The average C/D was 0.41 ± 0.18. The prevalence of suspected glaucoma, defined as C/D ≥ 0.7, asymmetry of ≥0.2 or significant rim notching, was 14.2%. The average IOP was 18.4 ± 5.4. Ocular hypertension (IOP ≥ 24mmHg) was found in 19.0% of participants.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of ocular hypertension and glaucoma based on suspect optic nerves in our sample population was high, indicating a strong need for access to ophthalmologic care in the Haitian population.
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