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Social noise interferes with learning in a volatile environment.

Dong Woo Shin1, Jaejoong Kim1, Bumseok Jeong2,3,4

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Social noise from emotional feedback disrupts learning in volatile environments. This interference impacts adaptation and decision-making, with individual differences linked to brain activity in the right anterior insula.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Computational Psychiatry
  • Machine Learning

Background:

  • Reliable feedback is crucial for effective learning, especially in dynamic environments requiring rapid adaptation.
  • Social information, when irrelevant or emotionally incongruent, can act as 'social noise,' potentially impairing learning processes.
  • Understanding how such noise affects learning is vital for fields ranging from artificial intelligence to clinical psychology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of social noise, specifically emotionally incongruent feedback, on learning in a volatile environment.
  • To model the effects of social noise on associative learning using the Hierarchical Gaussian Filter with State-space (HGF-S) model.
  • To explore the neural correlates of individual differences in susceptibility to social noise.

Main Methods:

  • A probabilistic associative learning task with dynamically changing probabilities and emotionally incongruent feedback (faces with mismatched valence).
  • Computational modeling using the HGF-S to quantify learning and perceptual uncertainty (social noise).
  • Analysis of individual differences in neural activity (event-related desynchronization) in the right anterior insula during emotional face presentation.

Main Results:

  • The HGF-S model effectively explained behavioral data, confirming that social noise induced by incongruent feedback increases perceptual uncertainty.
  • Social noise was shown to significantly disrupt both the learning of changing association probabilities and the tracking of environmental volatility.
  • Interruption of learning by social noise influenced subsequent decision-making, and individual differences in noise susceptibility correlated with neural responses in the right anterior insula.

Conclusions:

  • Emotionally incongruent feedback acts as social noise, hindering learning and adaptation in volatile environments.
  • Individual susceptibility to social noise is associated with neural processing in the right anterior insula, suggesting a link between emotional processing and learning interference.
  • These findings provide insights into how emotional interference impacts learning and decision-making, with implications for understanding cognitive processes and developing targeted interventions.