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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach
Published on: January 24, 2018
Placing ball and socket cervical total disc replacement using instant center of rotation
Kingsley R Chin1,2,3, Fabio J R Pencle3,4, Amala Benny5
1Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine at Florida International University, USA.
Background:
Authors aim to evaluate the correct placement of TDR using the instant center of rotation (ICR) as a guide.
Methods:
Placement of disc would be divided into three groups using a standard of 1 mm from the ICR: Posterior to ICR, In line with ICR and Anterior to ICR.
Results:
49 patients, mean age was 39.96 ± 1.45 years. 42 intraop fluoroscopy images compared to 41 post op radiographic images demonstrated TDR in line with ICR.
Conclusion:
Total discs replacements can be placed intraoperatively using proper technique with verification confirmed using the ICR postoperatively.
Keywords:
Total disc replacement; instant center of rotation; ideal placement; fluoroscopy; adjacent segment disease; less exposure surgery.
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