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Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Affect plays a crucial role in shaping interpersonal evaluations and perceptions. Emotions influence how individuals judge and respond to others, often determining whether interactions are viewed positively or negatively. This effect can manifest directly through interactions with the person in question or indirectly via associations with unrelated emotional experiences.Direct Effects of Affect on AttractionAffect directly influences interpersonal attraction when a person’s behavior...
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Positive affect significantly influences cognitive processes, including evaluation, memory, creativity, and social judgments. Compared to negative affect, positive emotional states promote more favorable interpretations of stimuli, cognitive flexibility, and heuristic processing. These effects highlight emotions' powerful role in shaping how individuals perceive, remember, and interact with the world.Influence on Evaluation and AttributionWhen individuals experience positive affect, they are...
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Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
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Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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The Effect of Child Preference for Parental Selection on Pediatric Anxiety During Induction in Children Undergoing Elective Day Case Surgery.

Journal of perianesthesia nursing : official journal of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses·2023
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Does obesity affect intraocular pressure during laparoscopic surgery?

Basaran Betul1, Yilbas Ankay Aysun2, Soylu Tulay3

  • 1Department of Anesthsiology, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey.

Arquivos Brasileiros De Oftalmologia
|May 23, 2019
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Obesity does not affect intraocular pressure during laparoscopic surgery. This study found no significant differences in eye pressure between obese and non-obese patients during the procedure.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Bariatric Surgery

Background:

  • Obesity is a known risk factor for postoperative visual loss.
  • Perioperative intraocular pressure (IOP) elevations are a potential cause.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if intraocular pressure (IOP) changes differ based on body mass index (BMI) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
  • To assess the correlation between obesity and IOP fluctuations during laparoscopic surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty obese and 30 non-obese patients (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) were enrolled.
  • Intraocular pressure was measured at seven time points: baseline, post-anesthesia, post-ventilation, post-pneumoperitoneum, head-up position, supine position post-deflation, and post-extubation in upright position.

Main Results:

  • Mean IOP was similar between obese and non-obese groups at baseline.
  • IOP decreased after anesthesia induction in both groups.
  • IOP increased significantly by the end of the procedure in both groups.
  • No significant differences in IOP were observed between the obese and non-obese groups at any measurement point.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity is not correlated with intraocular pressure changes during short laparoscopic surgeries.
  • Patient positioning and anesthetic management appear to influence IOP more than BMI in this context.