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A density-dependent FEM-FCT algorithm with application to modeling platelet aggregation.

Nicholas A Danes1, Karin Leiderman1

  • 1Department of Applied Mathematics & Statistics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado.

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering
|May 23, 2019
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Summary

This study introduces a new computational method to model blood clot formation in complex injuries. The enhanced finite element method flux-corrected transport (FEM-FCT) scheme accurately simulates platelet packing, crucial for understanding bleeding.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computational Biology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Platelet aggregation and blood clot formation are vital hemostatic processes.
  • Intravascular thrombosis models exist, but extravascular bleeding requires new computational tools for complex geometries.
  • Existing models use hindered transport coefficients to simulate maximum platelet packing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a computational method for modeling blood clot formation in extravascular injury scenarios.
  • To extend previous continuum models of intravascular clot formation to complex extravascular geometries.
  • To ensure numerical results satisfy maximum platelet-density packing constraints.

Main Methods:

  • Modification of a finite element method flux-corrected transport (FEM-FCT) scheme.
  • Prelimiting antidiffusive nodal fluxes within the FEM-FCT scheme.
  • Testing the modified scheme with various problems, including mesh refinement and different reaction rates.

Main Results:

  • The modified FEM-FCT scheme successfully models clot formation in complex geometries.
  • Numerical results consistently satisfy maximum platelet-density packing constraints.
  • The scheme demonstrates robustness across different mesh types and reaction rates.

Conclusions:

  • The developed FEM-FCT scheme is a viable computational tool for simulating extravascular bleeding.
  • This advancement enables more accurate modeling of thrombosis in complex injury scenarios.
  • The method ensures physiological constraints, like maximum platelet packing, are respected in simulations.