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Related Concept Videos

Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

188.9K
Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Nucleic Acids02:43

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Nucleic Acids02:43

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Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids01:28

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids

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Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
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Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
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Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides01:20

Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and have instructions for its functioning. The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
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Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes
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Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

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Nucleic Acid Databases and Molecular-Scale Computing.

Xin Song, John Reif

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    DNA offers superior data storage with high density and longevity. Recent advances enable practical DNA storage systems and in vivo memory, alongside DNA computing for complex tasks like circuit emulation.

    Keywords:
    CRISPRDNA nanotechnologycellular memorydigital data storagegenome editinghairpin hybridizationlocalized reaction networkmolecular computerstrand displacementsynthetic biology

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    Area of Science:

    • Biotechnology and Molecular Engineering
    • Data Storage and Computing

    Background:

    • DNA exhibits exceptional information retention, density, and volumetric capacity compared to conventional media.
    • Emerging synthesis and sequencing technologies facilitate large-scale DNA data storage with reliable recovery.
    • Existing DNA storage architectures offer random access, error correction, and rewritability, with potential for scalability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To survey recent advancements in DNA-based data storage systems.
    • To review progress in in vivo DNA memory and computing.
    • To explore the integration of DNA storage and computing for novel applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current DNA synthesis, sequencing, and data encoding/decoding technologies.
    • Analysis of DNA storage architectures, including random access and error correction.
    • Examination of DNA computing paradigms like strand displacement and enzymatic networks, including in vivo CRISPR logic gates.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstration of robust DNA storage systems with high capacity and reliable data retrieval.
    • Development of in vivo DNA memory using genome editing tools.
    • Implementation of DNA computing networks emulating circuits, neural networks, and dynamic systems.

    Conclusions:

    • DNA is a promising substrate for both high-density data storage and versatile molecular computing.
    • Integration of DNA storage and computing offers potential for molecular parallelism and near-data processing.
    • Future applications span biocomputing, security, and medicine, requiring innovative research to bridge these fields.