Mouse models for human hyperuricaemia: a critical review

Area of Science:

• Biomedical research
• Primate evolution
• Disease modeling

Background:

• Hyperuricaemia (elevated serum urate) is prevalent in humans and higher primates due to uricase gene inactivation.
• It is linked to gout, a painful inflammatory arthritis, and other chronic conditions like hypertension, kidney disease, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
• Understanding hyperuricaemia's mechanisms is vital for managing associated health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review existing mouse models for studying hyperuricaemia.
• To evaluate the relevance of these models, particularly genetically induced ones, to human hyperuricaemia.
• To identify challenges and future research directions in hyperuricaemia modeling.

Main Methods:

• Overview of genetically induced mouse models of hyperuricaemia.
• Analysis of environmentally induced mouse models (e.g., pharmaceutical, dietary).
• Focus on genetic modification strategies for creating hyperuricaemia models.

Main Results:

• Mouse models offer diverse approaches to investigate hyperuricaemia.
• Genetically modified models are emphasized for their potential to mimic human conditions.
• Challenges exist in model development and comparative analysis.

Conclusions:

• Mouse models are essential tools for dissecting hyperuricaemia's pathogenesis.
• Further refinement and standardization of models are needed.
• Future research should focus on improving model relevance and utility for clinical translation.