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Mistletoe and Immunomodulation: Insights and Implications for Anticancer Therapies
Shiao Li Oei1, Anja Thronicke1, Friedemann Schad1,2
1Research Institute Havelhöhe, 14089 Berlin, Germany.
Summary
Mistletoe (Viscum album L.) is a complementary therapy that may reduce side effects of cancer treatments like immune checkpoint inhibitors. Its compounds modulate immune responses and cellular pathways against cancer.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Cancer cells evade immune surveillance through various strategies.
- Cancer immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, show promise but can cause inflammatory side effects.
- Complementary and integrative therapies are increasingly explored for managing cancer treatment side effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the biological activities and mechanisms of Viscum album L. (VA) as a complementary cancer therapy.
- To discuss the potential of VA in combination with modern oncological therapies.
- To understand VA's impact on cellular pathways and immunological reactions against cancer cells.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on Viscum album L. in cancer therapy.
- Analysis of VA's effects on cellular pathways.
- Examination of VA's immunomodulatory characteristics and impact on immune reactions.
Main Results:
- Viscum album L. has a long tradition as an add-on cancer therapy.
- VA demonstrates antitumoral and quality of life-promoting activities.
- VA applications can reduce side effects of conventional anticancer therapies and possess immunomodulatory properties.
Conclusions:
- Viscum album L. exhibits promising immunomodulatory and side-effect-mitigating properties for cancer treatment.
- Understanding VA's mechanisms is crucial for its integration with modern oncological therapies.
- VA compounds influence cellular pathways and immunological reactions relevant to cancer treatment.
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