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Pilot-scale composting of typical multiple agricultural wastes: Parameter optimization and mechanisms
Bo Bian1, Xiuren Hu1, Shaopeng Zhang1
1School of Environment, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
Bioresource Technology
|May 24, 2019
Summary
Pilot-scale composting of agricultural wastes achieved optimal conditions at 75°C for 18 hours. The resulting compost met national standards, with specific bacteria enhancing organic matter breakdown and humic substance formation.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Environmental Science
- Microbiology
Background:
- Agricultural waste management is crucial for sustainable farming.
- Composting offers a viable method for recycling organic waste.
- Understanding microbial roles in composting enhances process efficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate pilot-scale composting of agricultural wastes (chicken manure, vegetable leaves, rice husks).
- To determine the effects of thermal phases and time on compost quality.
- To elucidate the microbial mechanisms driving organic matter transformation.
Main Methods:
- Pilot-scale composting experiments with a 6:3:1 mass ratio of wastes.
- Monitoring of moisture, nutrient, carbon content, and C/N ratio.
- Microbial analysis to identify key bacterial genera and their roles.
Main Results:
- Optimal composting parameters identified as 75±5°C and 18 hours.
- Compost product met the Chinese National Agricultural Organic Fertilizer Standard (NY525-2012).
- Bacillus and Sinibacillus were key in degrading organic matter into humic- and fulvic-acid-like substances.
Conclusions:
- Effective composting of agricultural waste is achievable at pilot scale.
- Specific microbial communities, notably Bacillus and Sinibacillus, are vital for humic substance formation.
- Rice husks act as a structural conditioner, maintaining their morphology during composting.
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