Disposable electrochemical immunosensor for analysis of cystatin C, a CKD biomarker

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

• Cystatin C (CysC) monitoring is crucial for diagnosing and understanding diseases like chronic kidney disease (CKD).
• Despite its correlation with CKD risk and progression, CysC's clinical application remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a simple, sensitive, and cost-effective immunosensor for CysC detection.
• To validate the immunosensor's performance for potential clinical use in CKD management.

Main Methods:

• Development of an immunosensor utilizing screen-printed electrodes and a sandwich immunoassay.
• Optimization of sensor conditions for enhanced sensitivity and linear detection range.
• Validation of sensor accuracy by comparing CysC quantification in CKD serum samples with a standard nephelometric immunoassay.

Main Results:

• The immunosensor demonstrated a linear detection range of 10-100 ng/mL with a low detection limit of 6.0 ng/mL.
• High sensitivity (6.4 ± 0.3 μA ng⁻¹mL⁻² cm⁻²) and precision (RSD ≤ 6.2%) were achieved.
• CysC levels measured by the immunosensor in CKD serum samples correlated well with results from a particle-enhanced nephelometric immunoassay.

Conclusions:

• The developed immunosensor is a promising tool for the rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective detection of CysC.
• This technology has the potential to significantly improve diagnostic capabilities and patient care for individuals with CKD.
• The immunosensor's performance suggests its suitability for clinical applications.