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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Isolation of Epithelial Cells from Human Dental Follicle
Published on: November 5, 2021
X-Linked Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia-General Features and Dental Abnormalities in Affected Dogs Compared With
Enio Moura1, Isabel S Rotenberg2, Cláudia T Pimpão3
1Service of Medical Genetics, Course of Veterinary Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Abstract:
X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormalities in ectodermal derivatives such as sweat glands, hair, and teeth. In animals, the highest number of cases has been reported in dogs, which show characteristic congenital alopecia and develop abnormalities in the shape and number of teeth. Although the clinical phenotype of the affected individuals is typical, this disorder remains almost unknown in veterinary clinical practice. With the aim of making it better known, we gathered in this review the main clinical and genetic aspects of XLHED, placing emphasis on dental abnormalities.
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