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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Building Double-decker Traps for Early Detection of Emerald Ash Borer
Published on: October 4, 2017
Impressive near-infrared brightness and singlet oxygen generation from strategic lanthanide-porphyrin double-decker
Jing-Xiang Zhang1,2, Wai-Lun Chan1, Chen Xie1
11Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China.
Abstract:
Although lanthanide double-decker complexes with hetero-macrocyclic ligands as functional luminescent and magnetic materials have promising properties, their inferior water solubility has negated their biomedical applications. Herein, four water-soluble homoleptic lanthanide (Ln = Gd, Er, Yb and La) sandwiches with diethylene-glycol-disubstituted porphyrins (DD) are reported, with their structures proven by both quantum chemical calculations and scanning tunneling microscopy. Our findings demonstrate that the near-infrared emission intensity and singlet oxygen (1O2) quantum yields of YbDD and GdDD in aqueous media are higher than those of the reported capped lanthanide monoporphyrinato analogues, YbN and GdN; the brightness and luminescence lifetime in water of YbDD are greater than those of YbN. This work provides a new dimension for the future design and development of molecular theranostics-based water-soluble double-decker lanthanide bisporphyrinates.
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