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Checkerboard metacommunity structure: an incoherent concept.

Steven J Presley1, José Henrique Fortes Mello2, Michael R Willig3

  • 1Institute of the Environment, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 3107 Horsebarn Hill Road, Storrs, CT, 06269-4210, USA. steven.presley@uconn.edu.

Oecologia
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Checkerboard patterns in ecology describe species co-occurrence. True checkerboard metacommunity structures are rare, often due to detection errors rather than ecological exclusion.

Keywords:
Competitive exclusionEnvironmental gradientsMetacommunity structureSpatial ecology

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Community Ecology
  • Biogeography

Background:

  • Checkerboard patterns are used to describe mutually exclusive species distributions.
  • Two main concepts exist: checkerboard distributions and checkerboard metacommunity structure.
  • These concepts differ in their conceptual foundations and requirements for species co-occurrence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the conceptual differences between checkerboard distributions and checkerboard metacommunity structure.
  • To evaluate the empirical rarity of checkerboard metacommunity structure.
  • To propose appropriate methods for evaluating species distribution patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of ecological theory.
  • Review of empirical studies reporting checkerboard structures.
  • Statistical evaluation of species distribution patterns.

Main Results:

  • Checkerboard distributions involve pairs of ecologically similar, interspersed species.
  • Checkerboard metacommunity structure requires mutually exclusive distributions for multiple species groups that are spatially independent.
  • Empirical checkerboard metacommunities are rare (7/766), likely due to detection errors, not ecological mechanisms.
  • No ecological mechanism supports negative coherence in metacommunities.

Conclusions:

  • Checkerboard metacommunity structure is highly restrictive and rarely observed.
  • The concept of checkerboard metacommunity structure may be flawed or difficult to detect.
  • Evaluation of checkerboard patterns should focus on small, ecologically similar species groups and use coherence tests cautiously.