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Related Concept Videos

Cell Culture01:21

Cell Culture

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Most vertebrate cells grow in vitro attached to a substrate as a monolayer, called adherent cultures. The flasks and plates used to grow cells are chemically treated to facilitate cell attachment. However, a few cell types, such as hematopoietic cells, can grow in a suspension. In contrast to adherent cultures, suspension cultures can grow in non-treated cultureware using magnetic stirrers or spinner flasks to agitate the culture media
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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Plant tissue culture is widely used in both primary and applied science. Applications range from plant development studies to functional gene studies, crop improvement, commercial micropropagation, virus elimination, and conservation of rare species.
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Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

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One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
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Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,
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In 1923, G. N. Lewis proposed a generalized definition of acid-base behavior in which acids and bases are identified by their ability to accept or to donate a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Extraction of Aqueous Metabolites from Cultured Adherent Cells for Metabolomic Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
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Extraction of Aqueous Metabolites from Cultured Adherent Cells for Metabolomic Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry

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LC-MS/MS-Based Metabolomics for Cell Cultures.

Anna Artati1, Cornelia Prehn2, Jerzy Adamski2,3,4,5

  • 1Research Unit Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany. anna.artati@helmholtz-muenchen.de.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|May 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study details liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods for cell metabolomics. These techniques enable the detection and quantification of over 1000 metabolites using untargeted analysis and 188 using targeted analysis.

Keywords:
Cell culture metabolomicsLC-MS/MS-based metabolomicsMass spectrometryMetabolomicsNontargeted metabolomicsTargeted metabolomics

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolomics
  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Metabolomics offers comprehensive analysis of metabolites in various biological specimens.
  • It has significant applications in health, nutrition, biotechnology, and food sciences.
  • Cellular metabolomics requires robust analytical methodologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe methods for LC-MS/MS-based analyses specifically for cell metabolomics.
  • To establish a framework for high-throughput metabolite profiling in cellular systems.
  • To enable both broad and specific metabolite quantification.

Main Methods:

  • Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed.
  • Nontargeted metabolomics analysis for broad metabolite detection and relative quantification.
  • Targeted metabolomics analysis for precise quantification of specific metabolites.

Main Results:

  • Nontargeted analysis allows for the detection, annotation, and relative quantification of over 1000 endogenous and exogenous metabolites.
  • Targeted metabolomics enables the precise quantification of 188 endogenous metabolites.
  • The described methods provide a scalable approach for cell metabolomics.

Conclusions:

  • LC-MS/MS-based methods are effective for comprehensive cell metabolomics.
  • The described untargeted and targeted approaches provide complementary information on cellular metabolism.
  • These methods advance the application of metabolomics in biological and applied sciences.