Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Cell Wall01:22

Bacterial Cell Wall

2.3K
The bacterial cell wall is an essential structural component that encases the plasma membrane, preserving cellular integrity, determining shape, and protecting against osmotic stress. This rigid yet flexible structure primarily comprises peptidoglycan, a polymer that forms a mesh-like matrix conferring mechanical strength and flexibility.Peptidoglycan Composition and StructurePeptidoglycan, the core of the bacterial cell wall, comprises alternating units of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and...
2.3K
Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems01:17

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems

833
Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
833
Plant Cell Wall02:43

Plant Cell Wall

60.2K
The plant cell wall gives plant cells shape, support, and protection. As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to the cell type. For example, the parenchyma cells of leaves possess only a thin, primary cell wall.
60.2K
Plant Cell Wall01:07

Plant Cell Wall

7.4K
Plant cells have a cell wall, a rigid outer covering that protects the cell and provides shape and support. During cell division, a mixture of enzymes, proteins, and glucose molecules is transported via vesicles to the center of the cell. These vesicles continuously fuse and build a cell plate between the dividing cells. As the cell plate matures, new polysaccharides are added to it to form the cell walls of the daughter cells. The predominant polysaccharide in the cell wall is cellulose, made...
7.4K
Archaeal Cell Wall01:29

Archaeal Cell Wall

1.1K
Archaeal cell walls are structurally and compositionally distinct from their bacterial counterparts, lacking the characteristic peptidoglycan layer found in most bacteria. Instead, archaeal cell walls exhibit remarkable diversity, utilizing materials such as pseudomurein, polysaccharides, and proteins to construct their protective outer layers. This structural flexibility is closely tied to archaea's ecological adaptability.S-Layers: The Common Archaeal Cell WallThe S-layer is the most...
1.1K
Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

59.5K
In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
59.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Non-Typeable <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> Invade Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells in a Polar Fashion.

International journal of molecular sciences·2020
Same author

<i>Terricaulis silvestris</i> gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel prosthecate, budding member of the family <i>Caulobacteraceae</i> isolated from forest soil.

International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology·2020
Same author

Stieleriacines, <i>N</i>-Acyl Dehydrotyrosines From the Marine Planctomycete <i>Stieleria neptunia</i> sp. nov.

Frontiers in microbiology·2020
Same author

Symbiosis between nanohaloarchaeon and haloarchaeon is based on utilization of different polysaccharides.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2020
Same author

The Microbiome of <i>Posidonia oceanica</i> Seagrass Leaves Can Be Dominated by Planctomycetes.

Frontiers in microbiology·2020
Same author

Rosistilla oblonga gen. nov., sp. nov. and Rosistilla carotiformis sp. nov., isolated from biotic or abiotic surfaces in Northern Germany, Mallorca, Spain and California, USA.

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek·2020
Same journal

Morphotype-specific susceptibility to <i>Neosartorya</i> (<i>Aspergillus</i>) <i>fischeri</i> antifungal protein 2 is associated with an anabolic transcriptional signature in <i>Candida</i>.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same journal

High abundance of <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> in slaty-backed gull breeding in Northern Japan.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same journal

Rhein reduces conjugation of IncFII-type plasmids in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and mitigates the spread of antibiotic resistance genes.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same journal

Phenotypic discordance in rifampicin resistance detection among <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> isolates from China: insights from whole-genome sequencing and a structured literature review.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same journal

Identification of protein secretion systems and type III effectors in wood-associated bacteria of the genus <i>Xylophilus</i>.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same journal

Intraspecific diversity of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> populations isolated from cystic fibrosis respiratory infections.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Synthesis of Masarimycin, a Small Molecule Inhibitor of Gram-Positive Bacterial Growth
09:10

Synthesis of Masarimycin, a Small Molecule Inhibitor of Gram-Positive Bacterial Growth

Published on: January 7, 2022

2.7K

The Gram-Positive Bacterial Cell Wall.

Manfred Rohde1

  • 1Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, HZI, Central Facility for Microscopy, ZEIM, Braunschweig, Germany.

Microbiology Spectrum
|May 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This chapter details the Gram-positive bacterial cell wall, including its components like peptidoglycan and teichoic acids. It also explores advanced cryo-electron microscopy techniques for high-resolution visualization of bacterial cell envelopes.

More Related Videos

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
08:46

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

6.9K
Isolation and Preparation of Bacterial Cell Walls for Compositional Analysis by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography
11:18

Isolation and Preparation of Bacterial Cell Walls for Compositional Analysis by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography

Published on: January 15, 2014

17.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Synthesis of Masarimycin, a Small Molecule Inhibitor of Gram-Positive Bacterial Growth
09:10

Synthesis of Masarimycin, a Small Molecule Inhibitor of Gram-Positive Bacterial Growth

Published on: January 7, 2022

2.7K
A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
08:46

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

6.9K
Isolation and Preparation of Bacterial Cell Walls for Compositional Analysis by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography
11:18

Isolation and Preparation of Bacterial Cell Walls for Compositional Analysis by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography

Published on: January 15, 2014

17.0K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Gram-positive bacterial cell walls are crucial for bacterial structure and pathogenesis.
  • Historical context of cell wall discovery and early study methods is provided.
  • Key components like peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acids, and wall teichoic acids are fundamental.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of Gram-positive bacterial cell wall structure and biosynthesis.
  • To review traditional and advanced electron microscopy techniques for cell wall visualization.
  • To highlight the impact of cell envelopes on bacterial pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Description of peptidoglycan biosynthesis and turnover.
  • Characterization of capsules and extracellular vesicles.
  • Review of electron microscopy techniques, including cryo-methods like HPF-FS, CEMOVIS, CET, and cryo-FIB-SEM.

Main Results:

  • Detailed explanation of the chemical building blocks and layered structure of peptidoglycan.
  • Identification of teichoic acids as major cell wall components.
  • Demonstration of advanced cryo-electron microscopy methods for near-native high-resolution imaging of Gram-positive cell walls.

Conclusions:

  • Gram-positive cell envelopes, including specialized structures like mycobacteria, are complex and vital for bacterial survival and pathogenesis.
  • Advanced cryo-electron microscopy techniques offer unprecedented detail in studying bacterial cell walls under near-native conditions.
  • Understanding cell wall structure and visualization methods is essential for microbiology research.