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Temporomandibular Joint Pain Measurement by Bite Force and Von Frey Filament Assays in Mice
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Effect of Sustained Joint Loading on TMJ Disc Nutrient Environment.

Y Wu1,2, S E Cisewski1,3, M C Coombs1,3

  • 11 Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.

Journal of Dental Research
|May 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mechanical loading significantly impacts the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc nutrient environment, potentially leading to cell death. This study models TMJ disc nutrient levels under load, revealing vulnerabilities to pathological conditions like bruxism.

Keywords:
cellular energy metabolismcompressive loadingdisc nutritionfinite element analysissolute diffusiontemporomandibular joint

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanical Engineering
  • Computational Biology
  • Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Research

Background:

  • The nutrient environment of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc is crucial for cell metabolism and function.
  • In vivo measurement of the TMJ disc's extracellular nutrient environment under load is challenging.
  • Understanding nutrient transport is vital for TMJ disc health and disease pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict the human TMJ disc extracellular nutrient environment under physiological loading conditions.
  • To combine experimental data with computational modeling for accurate nutrient profile prediction.
  • To investigate the impact of mechanical loading on TMJ disc nutrient availability and cell viability.

Main Methods:

  • Measured glucose consumption and lactate production rates in porcine TMJ discs.
  • Determined mechanical strain-dependent glucose and lactate diffusivities.
  • Developed subject-specific finite element (FE) models using MRI data from human volunteers.

Main Results:

  • Predicted nutrient concentration ranges for unloaded human TMJ discs (glucose: 0.6–4.0 mM, lactate: 0.9–5.0 mM, oxygen: 0–6%).
  • Identified steep nutrient gradients in the anterior and posterior bands of the TMJ disc.
  • Demonstrated that sustained mechanical loading significantly reduces nutrient levels, creating a critical zone (13.5% of volume) with potential for cell death.

Conclusions:

  • Experimentally determined metabolic rates and diffusivities, combined with FE modeling, reveal critical interactions between mechanical loading and nutrient supply in the human TMJ disc.
  • TMJ disc homeostasis is vulnerable to pathological loading (e.g., clenching, bruxism) that impedes nutrient supply.
  • This study presents a novel approach to investigate TMJ disc homeostasis and degenerative mechanisms.