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Investigation of the Transcriptional Role of a RUNX1 Intronic Silencer by CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
Published on: September 1, 2019
Role of microRNAs, circRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in acute myeloid leukemia
Yan Liu1,2,3, Zhiheng Cheng4, Yifan Pang5
1Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
Abstract:
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant tumor of the immature myeloid hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow (BM). It is a highly heterogeneous disease, with rising morbidity and mortality in older patients. Although researches over the past decades have improved our understanding of AML, its pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are three noncoding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that regulate DNA transcription and translation. With the development of RNA-Seq technology, more and more ncRNAs that are closely related to AML leukemogenesis have been discovered. Numerous studies have found that these ncRNAs play an important role in leukemia cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Some may potentially be used as prognostic biomarkers. In this systematic review, we briefly described the characteristics and molecular functions of three groups of ncRNAs, including lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs, and discussed their relationships with AML in detail.
Insights
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are implicated in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) pathogenesis. These molecules regulate gene expression and may serve as crucial biomarkers for AML.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
Background:
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematopoietic malignancy with increasing incidence in older adults.
- Despite advances, the precise pathogenesis of AML remains incompletely understood.
- Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators in various diseases, including cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the characteristics and molecular functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs).
- To discuss the detailed roles of these ncRNAs in the leukemogenesis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).
- To explore the potential of ncRNAs as prognostic biomarkers in AML.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of existing literature.
- Analysis of RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) data related to ncRNAs and AML.
- Summarization of studies investigating ncRNA functions in leukemia cell biology.
Main Results:
- Numerous ncRNAs, including lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs, have been identified in relation to AML.
- These ncRNAs are involved in regulating key cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in leukemia cells.
- Evidence suggests specific ncRNAs may serve as valuable prognostic indicators for AML patients.
Conclusions:
- lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs are significant players in the molecular landscape of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
- Understanding the functions of these ncRNAs provides insights into AML pathogenesis.
- ncRNAs represent promising candidates for future diagnostic and prognostic strategies in AML management.
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