[Clonal haematopoiesis: A concise review]

Clonal hematopoiesis of undetermined significance or CHIP describes the identification, in individuals without hematologic disease, of one or more somatic mutations in hematopoietic cells. These mutations, detected by high-throughput genes sequencing (Next-Generation Sequencing or NGS), affect genes first identified in acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome, such as DNMT3A, TET2 and ASXL1. CHIP is associated with an increased risk of malignant hemopathy, both myeloid and lymphoid, evaluated from 0.5 to 1% per year. CHIP is also associated with an increased risk of overall mortality and cardiovascular diseases. CHIP detection using NGS is currently limited to basic science field, but recent studies suggest that it may be of clinical interest.