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Method for diagnosing neoplastic lesions by quantitative fluorescence value.

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Fluorescence visualization devices can detect cancer, but quantitative analysis was difficult. This study found fluorescence intensity changes predictably during tongue cancer progression in a rat model, enabling new monitoring methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Cancer Research
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Fluorescence visualization (FV) devices offer noninvasive detection of malignant lesions.
  • Quantitative analysis of fluorescence intensity (FI) in FV has been a significant challenge.
  • Accurate FI measurement is crucial for effective cancer diagnosis and monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively and statistically evaluate changes in fluorescence intensity (FI) during oral squamous cell carcinoma progression.
  • To establish and validate a reproducible animal tongue carcinogenesis model for studying FI changes.
  • To explore the potential of FI analysis for monitoring tumor progression in humans.

Main Methods:

  • A reproducible rat tongue carcinogenesis model was established using 4-Nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) treatment for 10, 15, and 20 weeks.
  • Tongue tissues were evaluated via gross observation, histology, and fluorescence imaging.
  • Fluorescence images were analyzed using ImageJ for quantitative FI measurements and statistical analysis.

Main Results:

  • The 4NQO model successfully replicated tumor progression from normal epithelium to low-grade dysplasia (LGD), high-grade dysplasia/carcinoma in situ (HGD/CIS), and invasive cancer.
  • Fluorescence intensity was highest in the LGD stage (54.6) and decreased in HGD/CIS (46.1) and Cancer (49.1) stages, appearing as dark spots.
  • FI showed increased variation and a wider range with tumor progression, with migration and uneven distribution correlating with advancement.

Conclusions:

  • Fluorescence intensity changes, including migration and uneven distribution, are consistent indicators of squamous cell carcinoma progression in this animal model.
  • The established animal model allows for reproducible, statistically valid evaluation of FI changes during carcinogenesis.
  • This quantitative FI analysis method holds promise for monitoring tumor progression in human patients.